解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::During fasting, induction of hepatic gluconeogenesis is crucial to ensure proper energy homeostasis. Such induction is dysregulated in type 2 diabetes, resulting in the development of fasting hyperglycemia. Hormonal and nutrient regulation of metabolic adaptation during fasting is mediated predominantly by the transcr...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2691
更新日期:2012-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::Bone homeostasis is maintained by the balance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells that are formed by mononuclear preosteoclast fusion. Fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin D are pivotal in maintaining skeletal integrity. However, the role of vitami...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2659
更新日期:2012-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::CD4-unhelped CD8(+) T cells are functionally defective T cells primed in the absence of CD4(+) T cell help. Given the co-stimulatory role of natural-killer group 2, member D protein (NKG2D) on CD8(+) T cells, we investigated its ability to rescue these immunologically impotent cells. We demonstrate that augmented co-s...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2683
更新日期:2012-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::Adequate lipid secretion by mammary glands during lactation is essential for the survival of mammalian offspring. However, the mechanism governing this process is poorly understood. Here we show that Cidea is expressed at high levels in lactating mammary glands and its deficiency leads to premature pup death as a resu...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2614
更新日期:2012-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital disorder of glycosylation-Ia (CDG-Ia, also known as PMM2-CDG) is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes phosphomannomutase 2 (PMM2, EC 5.4.2.8) leading to a multisystemic disease with severe psychomotor and mental retardation. In a hypomorphic Pmm2 mouse model, we were able to overcome embryonic letha...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2548
更新日期:2011-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::High blood pressure, or hypertension, is a very common disorder with a substantial impact on public health because of its associated complications. Despite the high prevalence of essential hypertension and years of research, the basic causes remain obscure. Here I review recent advances in understanding the pathophysi...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nm.2541
更新日期:2011-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::We report the involvement of an evolutionarily conserved set of mycobacterial genes, the esx-3 region, in evasion of bacterial killing by innate immunity. Whereas high-dose intravenous infections of mice with the rapidly growing mycobacterial species Mycobacterium smegmatis bearing an intact esx-3 locus were rapidly l...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2420
更新日期:2011-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription factor FoxO1 promotes hepatic glucose production. Genetic inhibition of FoxO1 function prevents diabetes in experimental animal models, providing impetus to identify pharmacological approaches to modulate this function. Altered Notch signaling is evident in tumorigenesis, and Notch antagonists are in cli...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2378
更新日期:2011-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Foxp3(+) regulatory T (T(reg)) cells suppress different types of immune responses to help maintain homeostasis in the body. How T(reg) cells regulate humoral immunity, including germinal center reactions, is unclear. Here we identify a subset of T(reg) cells expressing CXCR5 and Bcl-6 that localize to the germinal cen...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2426
更新日期:2011-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::Cells that are deficient in homologous recombination, such as those that lack functional breast cancer-associated 1 (BRCA1) or BRCA2, are hypersensitive to inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). However, BRCA-deficient tumors represent only a small fraction of adult cancers, which might restrict the therape...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2377
更新日期:2011-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular immunity has an inherent high level of functional heterogeneity. Capturing the full spectrum of these functions requires analysis of large numbers of effector molecules from single cells. We report a microfluidic platform designed for highly multiplexed (more than ten proteins), reliable, sample-efficient (∼1...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2375
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::How high salt intake increases blood pressure is a key question in the study of hypertension. Salt intake induces increased renal sympathetic activity resulting in sodium retention. However, the mechanisms underlying the sympathetic control of renal sodium excretion remain unclear. In this study, we found that β(2)-ad...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2337
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overwhelming evidence that relationships between universities, physicians and the medical products industry benefit patients explains the ubiquitous calls to encourage such relationships. Yet accumulating 'conflict of interest' regulations in academic health centers, government and industry have had the opposite effec...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm0411-437
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular-genetic imaging is advancing from a valuable preclinical tool to a guide for patient management. The strategy involves pairing an imaging reporter gene with a complementary imaging agent in a system that can be used to measure gene expression or protein interaction or track gene-tagged cells in vivo. Tissue-...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2269
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mesenchymal stem cells can give rise to several cell types, but varying results depending on isolation methods and tissue source have led to controversies about their usefulness in clinical medicine. Here we show that vascular endothelial cells can transform into multipotent stem-like cells by an activin-like kinase-2...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2252
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of chronic pain is estimated to be 20-25% worldwide. Few patients with chronic pain obtain complete relief from the drugs that are currently available, and more than half report inadequate relief. Underlying the challenge of developing better drugs to manage chronic pain is incomplete understanding of th...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2235
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lifetime prevalence (∼16%) and the economic burden ($100 billion annually) associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) make it one of the most common and debilitating neurobiological illnesses. To date, the exact cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of MDD have not been identified. ...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2219
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from bone marrow into peripheral blood by the cytokine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has become the preferred source of HSPCs for stem cell transplants. However, G-CSF fails to mobilize sufficient numbers of stem cells in up to 10% of dono...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2217
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neutrophils have key roles in modulating the immune response. We present a robust methodology for rapidly isolating neutrophils directly from whole blood with 'on-chip' processing for mRNA and protein isolation for genomics and proteomics. We validate this device with an ex vivo stimulation experiment and by compariso...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2205
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethylmalonic encephalopathy is caused by mutations in ETHE1, a mitochondrial matrix sulfur dioxygenase, leading to failure to detoxify sulfide, a product of intestinal anaerobes and, in trace amounts, tissues. Metronidazole, a bactericide, or N-acetylcysteine, a precursor of sulfide-buffering glutathione, substantiall...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2188
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Improved techniques to noninvasively image protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are essential. We molecularly engineered a positron emission tomography (PET)-based split reporter (herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase), cleaved between Thr265 and Ala266, and used this in a protein-fragment complementation assay ...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2185
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The notoriously drug-resistant bug MRSA has made headlines for years, but a whole other class of bacteria may prove even more troublesome. These microbes, Gram-negative bacteria, are increasingly a threat--and yet not a single late-stage drug in development specifically targets them. Christian Torres follows one man's...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm0610-628
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chondrocyte hypertrophy followed by cartilage matrix degradation and vascular invasion, characterized by expression of type X collagen (COL10A1), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), respectively, are central steps of endochondral ossification during normal skeletal growt...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2146
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral replication and microbial translocation from the gut to the blood during HIV infection lead to hyperimmune activation, which contributes to the decline in CD4+ T cell numbers during HIV infection. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) are both upregulated during HIV infection. Blocking interaction...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2106
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Observational clinical and ex vivo studies have established a strong association between atrial fibrillation and inflammation. However, whether inflammation is the cause or the consequence of atrial fibrillation and which specific inflammatory mediators may increase the atria's susceptibility to fibrillation remain el...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2124
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::New technology has provided methods for collecting large amounts of data reflecting gene expression, metabolite and protein abundance, and post-translational modification of proteins. Integration of these various data sets enable the genetic mapping of many new phenotypes and facilitates the creation of network models...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm0410-388
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. The mTOR kinase functions in two complexes, TORC1 (target of rapamycin complex-1) and TORC2 (target of rapamycin complex-2); however, neither of these complexes is fully inhibited by the allosteric inhibitor rapamyci...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2091
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::How should clinical trials be improved? Ken Getz, a senior fellow at the Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development, has been thinking up answers to this question for two decades. In 2003, Getz took on a new challenge when he launched the Center for Information & Study on Clinical Research, a nonprofit focused on ...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 面试
doi:10.1038/nm0210-154
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension is one of the most frequent pathologies in the industrialized world. Although recognized to be dependent on a combination of genetic and environmental factors, its molecular basis remains elusive. Increased activity of the monomeric G protein RhoA in arteries is a common feature of hypertension. However, ...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2079
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of the genes associated with chromosomal translocation breakpoints has fundamentally changed understanding of the molecular basis of hematological malignancies. By contrast, the study of chromosomal deletions has been hampered by the large number of genes deleted and the complexity of their analysis...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2063
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excitotoxic neuronal damage caused by overactivation of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDARs) is thought to be a principal cause of neuronal loss after stroke and brain trauma. Here we report that activation of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) transcription factor in affected neurons i...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2064
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Notch receptor signaling is implicated in controlling smooth muscle cell proliferation and in maintaining smooth muscle cells in an undifferentiated state. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by excessive vascular resistance, smooth muscle cell proliferation in small pulmonary arteries, leading to elevati...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2021
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::With an ever increasing number of people taking numerous medications, the need to safely administer drugs and limit unintended side effects has never been greater. Antidote control remains the most direct means to counteract acute side effects of drugs, but, unfortunately, it has been challenging and cost prohibitive ...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.1990
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we show that ischemia induces sustained contraction of pericytes on microvessels in the intact mouse brain. Pericytes remain contracted despite successful reopening of the middle cerebral artery after 2 h of ischemia. Pericyte contraction causes capillary constriction and obstructs erythrocyte flow. Suppression o...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2022
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To explore the mechanism by which herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 infection is related to HIV-1 acquisition, we conducted in situ analysis of the cellular infiltrate from sequential biopsies of HSV-2 lesions from patients on and off antiviral therapy. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and a mixed population of plasmacytoid and m...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.2006
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the mechanisms of osteoclastogenesis is crucial for developing new drugs to treat diseases associated with bone loss, such as osteoporosis. Here we report that the C-C chemokine receptor-2 (CCR2) is crucially involved in balancing bone mass. CCR2-knockout mice have high bone mass owing to a decrease in n...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.1945
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypothalamic brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key element in the regulation of energy balance. Here we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of BDNF by gene transfer in mouse models of obesity and diabetes. Gene transfer of BDNF led to marked weight loss and alleviation of obesity-associated insulin resis...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.1933
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immune sensing of a microbe occurs via multiple receptors. How signals from different receptors are coordinated to yield a specific immune response is poorly understood. We show that two pathogen recognition receptors, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and dectin-1, recognizing the same microbial stimulus, stimulate distinc...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.1925
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monogenic deficiency diseases provide unique opportunities to define the contributions of individual molecules to human physiology and to identify pathologies arising from their dysfunction. Here we describe a deficiency disease in two human siblings that presented with severe bleeding, frequent infections and osteope...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.1917
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Copy number variants are a recently discovered source of large-scale genomic diversity present in all individuals. We capitalize on these inherent genomic differences, focusing on deletion polymorphisms, to develop informative fluorescence in situ hybridization probes with the ability to unequivocally distinguish betw...
journal_title:Nature medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nm.1862
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00